Topic about crime

What is the full meaning of crime?

Definition of crime:-

1: an illegal act for which someone can be punished by the government especially: a gross violation of law.

2: A grave offense especially against morality.

3: Criminal activity efforts to fight crime.

4: Something reprehensible, foolish, or disgraceful it's a crime to waste good food.

What is the definition of crime in criminology?

Definitions of Crime Criminologist 

Paul Tappan defines crime as “an intentional act or omission in violation of criminal law …, committed without defense or justification, and sanctioned by the state as a felony or misdemeanor.”

What are the main types of crime?

Although there are many different kinds of crimes, criminal acts can generally be divided into four primary categories:

      1.      Personal crimes

      2.      Property crimes

      3.      Inchoate crimes

      4.      Statutory crimes and financial crimes

Personal Crimes

Personal crimes are those that result in physical or mental harm to another person. They can be divided into two main categories, forms of homicide and other violent crimes. Where the physical harm to another individual is so severe that it causes death, a defendant may be charged with any one of several types of homicide, including, for example, first-degree murder, voluntary manslaughter, or vehicular homicide. Conversely, violent crimes, which are also very severe, include:

• Personal Crimes
• Assault and battery
• Arson
• Child abuse
• Domestic abuse
• Kidnapping
• Rape and statutory rape

Property Crimes

Property crimes typically involve interference with the property of another. Although they may involve physical or mental harm to another, they primarily result in the deprivation of the use or enjoyment of the property. Many property crimes are theft crimes, including burglary, larceny, robbery, auto theft, and shoplifting.

Inchoate Crimes

Inchoate crimes refer to those crimes that were initiated but not completed and acts that assist in the commission of another crime. Inchoate crimes require more than a person simply intending or hoping to commit a crime. Rather, the individual must take a “substantial step” towards the completion of the crime in order to be found guilty. Inchoate crimes include aiding and abetting, attempt, and conspiracy. In some cases, inchoate crimes can be punished to the same degree that the underlying crime would be punished, while in other cases, the punishment might be less severe.

Statutory Crimes

Statutory crimes include those crimes, in addition to the crimes discussed above, which are proscribed by the statute. Three significant types of statutory crimes are alcohol-related crimes, drug crimes, traffic offenses, and financial/white-collar crimes. These crimes are specifically prohibited by statute because society hopes to deter individuals from engaging in them. Alcohol-related crimes include a variety of offenses regarding how and where alcohol can be consumed, such as:

• Driving Under the Influence  (DUI).
• Operating while intoxicated (OWI).
• Driving while intoxicated (DWI)                                         
• Open Container Violations
• Minor in Possession of Alcohol
• Public Intoxication
• Underage DUI
• Boating DUI
• Selling and Supplying Alcohol to Minors
• Refusing to Perform a Field Sobriety Test
• Refusing to Perform a breathalyzer or Provide a Blood Sample.  

Drug crimes concern any involvement in the creation or distribution of drugs, including drug possession, drug manufacturing, and drug trafficking. One area of criminal law that is currently receiving a great deal of attention is the regulation and prosecution of drug crimes related to medical marijuana. Due to state trends toward the legalization of medical marijuana, this is an area of criminal law that is in flux.

Traffic offenses include crimes that may arise while an individual is driving a vehicle on public roadways. Because a DUI/OWI/DWI involves both alcohol and the use of a vehicle, it is considered both an alcohol-related crime and a traffic offense. Additional traffic offenses include driving on a suspended or revoked license, driving without a license, hit-and-run accidents, reckless driving, and vehicular assault. Where a traffic offense results in death, it can be charged as a far more serious crime, such as a form of homicide.

Financial and Other Crimes

Finally, financial crimes often involve deception or fraud for financial gain. Although white-collar crimes derive their name from the corporate officers who historically perpetrated them, anyone in any industry can commit white-collar crime. These crimes include many types of fraud and blackmail, embezzlement and money laundering, tax evasion, and cybercrime.

Crime Index by Country 2020

Rank	Country	Crime Index	Safety Index
1	Venezuela	84.49	15.51
2	Papua New Guinea	81.93	18.07
3	South Africa	77.49	22.51
4	Afghanistan	76.23	23.77
5	Honduras	76.11	23.89
6	Trinidad And Tobago	73.19	26.81
7	Brazil	68.88	31.12
8	Peru	68.15	31.85
9	El Salvador	67.96	32.04
10	Guyana	67.66	32.34
11	Namibia	67.21	32.79
12	Syria	66.46	33.54
13	Jamaica	66.04	33.96
14	Puerto Rico	65.63	34.37
15	Angola	64.97	35.03
16	Bangladesh	63.94	36.06
17	Nigeria	63.77	36.23
18	Bahamas	62.86	37.14
19	Libya	62.19	37.81
20	Kazakhstan	62.02	37.98
21	Argentina	61.77	38.23
22	Kenya	61.66	38.34
23	Dominican Republic	61.16	38.84
24	Uganda	59	41
25	Tanzania	58.95	41.05
26	Fiji	58.92	41.08
27	Malaysia	58.84	41.16
28	Somalia	58.5	41.5
29	Mongolia	57.97	42.03
30	Guatemala	57.83	42.17
31	Zimbabwe	57.47	42.53
32	Costa Rica	56.33	43.67
33	Colombia	54.79	45.21
34	Mexico	53.97	46.03
35	Uruguay	53.81	46.19
36	Botswana	53.49	46.51
37	Maldives	53.21	46.79
38	Bolivia	52.93	47.07
39	Ecuador	50.9	49.1
40	Cambodia	50.66	49.34
41	Algeria	49.81	50.19
42	Paraguay	49.6	50.4
43	Iran	49.25	50.75
44	Ethiopia	49.21	50.79
45	Ghana	48.97	51.03
46	Ukraine	48.85	51.15
47	Morocco	48.69	51.31
48	Iraq	47.78	52.22
49	Mauritius	47.33	52.67
50	United States	47.2	52.8
51	Panama	47.19	52.81
52	Sweden	47.07	52.93
53	Egypt	46.92	53.08
54	France	46.79	53.21
55	Myanmar	45.86	54.14
56	Indonesia	45.84	54.16
57	Ireland	45.43	54.57
58	Vietnam	45.35	54.65
59	Chile	45.23	54.77
60	Moldova	44.98	55.02
61	Nicaragua	44.44	55.56
62	Italy	44.26	55.74
63	Pakistan	44.08	55.92
64	Belgium	43.98	56.02
65	United Kingdom	43.71	56.29
66	Palestine	43.59	56.41
67	Lebanon	43.36	56.64
68	India	43.32	56.68
69	Bosnia And Herzegovina	43.03	56.97
70	Philippines	42.16	57.84
71	Tunisia	41.88	58.12
72	Australia	41.36	58.64
73	Montenegro	41.18	58.82
74	Russia	41.12	58.88
75	New Zealand	40.93	59.07
76	Jordan	40.83	59.17
77	Thailand	40.48	59.52
78	Greece	40.32	59.68
79	Sri Lanka	40.22	59.78
80	Canada	39.67	60.33
81	Albania	39.52	60.48
82	Turkey	39.49	60.51
83	Malta	39.04	60.96
84	North Macedonia	38.67	61.33
85	Bulgaria	38.5	61.5
86	Serbia	37.41	62.59
87	Latvia	36.95	63.05
88	Norway	35.43	64.57
89	Hungary	35.08	64.92
90	Germany	34.81	65.19
91	Kuwait	34.75	65.25
92	Nepal	34.56	65.44
93	Luxembourg	33.39	66.61
94	Lithuania	33.06	66.94
95	Kosovo (Disputed Territory)	32.91	67.09
96	Spain	31.96	68.04
97	China	31.83	68.17
98	Azerbaijan	31.61	68.39
99	Singapore	30.57	69.43
100	Cyprus	30.01	69.99
101	Portugal	29.63	70.37
102	Israel	29.6	70.4
103	Bahrain	29.29	70.71
104	Slovakia	29.22	70.78
105	Poland	28.5	71.5
106	South Korea	28.02	71.98
107	Brunei	27.68	72.32
108	Romania	27.64	72.36
109	Netherlands	27.62	72.38
110	Cuba	27.45	72.55
111	Saudi Arabia	26.18	73.82
112	Czech Republic	25.52	74.48
113	Denmark	25.1	74.9
114	Belarus	24.99	75.01
115	Croatia	24.71	75.29
116	Austria	23.73	76.27
117	Iceland	23.36	76.64
118	Finland	23.32	76.68
119	Estonia	23.14	76.86
120	Armenia	21.6	78.4
121	Switzerland	21.6	78.4
122	Slovenia	21.07	78.93
123	Oman	20.79	79.21
124	Hong Kong	20.7	79.3
125	Japan	20.66	79.34
126	Georgia	20.21	79.79
127	United Arab Emirates	15.7	84.3
128	Taiwan	15.65	84.35
129	Qatar	11.86	88.14

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